Archimedean Spiral Arc Length
An Archimedean spiral is a curve traced by a point moving away from a fixed center at a constant rate while rotating at a constant angular velocity. Its equation in polar coordinates is r = a + bθ, where a is the initial radius and b controls the spacing between turns.
Key Formulas
Spiral Equation
The polar equation of an Archimedean spiral.
r = a + bθ
Arc Length Integral
The exact arc length via integration.
L = ∫ sqrt(r² + b²) dθ
Spiral Constants
Derived from inner/outer radius and turns.
a = r1, b = (r2 - r1) / (2πN)
Approximation
For many turns, a good approximation is available.
L ≈ πN(r1 + r2)
How the Calculation Works
- From the inner radius, outer radius, and number of turns, determine the spiral constants a and b.
- The total angle swept is θmax = 2πN.
- The arc length integral is: L = ∫0θmax sqrt((a + bθ)² + b²) dθ.
- This integral has a closed-form solution using the formula for ∫ sqrt(u² + c²) du.
Applications
- Clock springs: Calculating the length of flat coiled springs.
- Vinyl records: Estimating the total groove length on a record.
- Rolled materials: Paper rolls, wire coils, hose lengths.
- Antenna design: Spiral antennas used in telecommunications.