What Was the CASH Act of 2020?
The CASH Act (Caring for Americans with Supplemental Help Act) of 2020 was a bill proposed in December 2020 by the U.S. House of Representatives to increase the direct stimulus payments from $600 (as originally proposed in the December 2020 relief package) to $2,000 per person. The act aimed to provide greater financial relief to Americans affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
The proposal came after President Trump called for larger stimulus checks, leading to a House vote that passed with bipartisan support. However, the Senate did not pass the bill in its original form, though subsequent legislation (the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021) eventually provided $1,400 payments.
How the CASH Act Payment Was Calculated
Under the proposed CASH Act, payments were structured as follows:
Married Couples = $4,000 ($2,000 each)
Per Dependent = $2,000 each
Total Payment = (Adults × $2,000) + (Dependents × $2,000) - Phase-out Reduction
Phase-out Mechanism
The payment phased out at a rate of 5% for every dollar of income above the threshold:
Final Payment = Max(0, Total Payment - Phase-out Reduction)
Family: Married couple with 2 children
Income: $160,000 AGI
Income Threshold (MFJ): $150,000
Base Payment = (2 × $2,000) + (2 × $2,000) = $8,000
Income Above Threshold = $160,000 - $150,000 = $10,000
Phase-out = $10,000 × 5% = $500
Final Payment = $8,000 - $500 = $7,500
Income Thresholds by Filing Status
The CASH Act proposed the following income thresholds for full and reduced payments:
| Filing Status | Full Payment Threshold | Payment Phases Out Completely At* |
|---|---|---|
| Single | $75,000 | $115,000 (no dependents) |
| Married Filing Jointly | $150,000 | $230,000 (no dependents) |
| Head of Household | $112,500 | $152,500 (no dependents) |
*Phase-out endpoints increase with each dependent
Who Would Have Been Eligible?
Eligibility for CASH Act payments was based on:
Basic Requirements
- U.S. citizens, permanent residents, or qualifying resident aliens
- Valid Social Security number
- Cannot be claimed as a dependent on someone else's tax return
- Filed a 2019 or 2020 tax return (or received Social Security/SSI benefits)
Dependent Eligibility
Unlike the CARES Act which only covered dependents under 17, the CASH Act proposal included:
- Children under 17
- Adult dependents (college students, elderly parents, disabled family members)
- All qualifying dependents regardless of age
Comparison with Other Stimulus Programs
| Feature | CARES Act (March 2020) | December 2020 Package | CASH Act (Proposed) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adult Payment | $1,200 | $600 | $2,000 |
| Child Payment | $500 | $600 | $2,000 |
| Adult Dependents | Not included | Not included | $2,000 |
| Phase-out Rate | 5% | 5% | 5% |
| Single Threshold | $75,000 | $75,000 | $75,000 |
How Payments Would Have Been Distributed
Similar to previous stimulus payments, distribution would have followed this process:
- Direct Deposit: Automatic payment to bank accounts on file with the IRS
- Paper Checks: Mailed to addresses on file for those without direct deposit
- Debit Cards: Some recipients would receive prepaid debit cards
- Social Security Recipients: Automatic payment without needing to file a return
Tax Implications
Key tax considerations for stimulus payments:
- Not Taxable Income: Stimulus payments are not considered taxable income
- No Repayment Required: Even if your 2020 income exceeded thresholds, no repayment was required
- Recovery Rebate Credit: If you received less than entitled, you could claim the difference on your tax return
- No Offset: Payments could not be garnished for most debts (except child support)
What Actually Happened
While the CASH Act passed the House, the Senate did not take up the bill before the end of the 116th Congress. However, the push for larger payments influenced subsequent legislation:
- The American Rescue Plan Act (March 2021) provided $1,400 per person
- Combined with the $600 from December 2020, this totaled $2,000 as originally proposed
- The $1,400 payments included adult dependents and had expanded eligibility