What Is Center of Mass?
The center of mass (or center of gravity, CG) of a vehicle is the single point where the vehicle's total weight is effectively concentrated. Its position affects handling, braking, acceleration weight transfer, and rollover resistance.
The longitudinal CG position is determined by the front/rear weight distribution and wheelbase. The vertical CG height affects body roll in corners and weight transfer during braking. Lower CG means better handling and stability.
Center of Mass Formulas
Typical Weight Distribution by Vehicle
| Vehicle Type | F/R Distribution | CG Height (in) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Front-Engine FWD | 60/40 - 63/37 | 20-22 | Front-heavy |
| Front-Engine RWD | 52/48 - 55/45 | 18-21 | Better balance |
| Mid-Engine | 42/58 - 45/55 | 16-19 | Rear-biased |
| Rear-Engine (911) | 37/63 - 40/60 | 18-20 | Rear-heavy |
| EV (floor battery) | 48/52 - 52/48 | 17-19 | Very low CG |
Frequently Asked Questions
What is ideal weight distribution?
50/50 front-to-rear is considered ideal for balanced handling. However, many performance cars are slightly rear-biased (48/52) for better turn-in response. The ideal depends on drivetrain layout and intended use.
How does CG height affect handling?
A lower CG reduces body roll in corners, decreases weight transfer during braking and acceleration, and lowers rollover risk. This is why sports cars are low and why roof racks hurt handling.
How can I measure my car's weight distribution?
Drive to a truck scale or use corner-weight scales. Weigh the front axle separately from the rear with the car level. Ensure the car has a full tank and typical load for the most accurate measurement.